【开放获取】度普利尤单抗治疗特应性皮炎的疗效及安全性分析

【摘要】 目的 评价度普利尤单抗治疗特应性皮炎（AD）的有效性和安全性。方法 采用回顾性研究方法，纳入2020年6月1日至2021年9月1日在北京大学第一医院皮肤科门诊外用药物控制不佳、规范使用度普利尤单抗注射治疗满16周的AD患者。收集患者基本信息以及治疗开始前、治疗第2、4、8、12、16周研究者整体评估（IGA）评分、湿疹面积及严重程度指数（EASI）评分、瘙痒数字评价量表（NRS）评分、皮肤病生活质量指数（DLQI）评分以及源自患者的湿疹评价（POEM）评分。记录治疗过程中出现的不良反应。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验对全部患者结束随访时各项评分和治疗前进行比较。结果 共纳入57例AD患者，均完成16周的注射药物治疗和随访观察。第16周时 ，患者自身IGA评分由基线4.0（4.0，5.0）分降至1.0（1.0，1.0）分（Z = 6.65，P < 0.001），EASI评分由30.0（17.2，36.0）分降至4.0（1.6，7.3）分（Z = 6.57，P < 0.001），瘙痒NRS评分由9.0（7.0，10.0）分降至1.0（0.0，1.0）分（Z = 6.59，P < 0.001），DLQI评分由15.0（11.5，20.5）分降至3.0（1.0，4.0）分（Z = 6.57，P < 0.001），POEM评分由19.0（15.5，23.0）分降至4.0（2.0，4.0）分（Z = 6.57，P < 0.001），差异均有统计学意义。5种评分16周内均呈持续下降趋势。仅2例患者出现结膜炎，无明显严重不良反应。结论 度普利尤单抗治疗AD疗效明显，且具有较好的安全性。     

癌相关成纤维细胞在乳腺癌侵袭转移及耐药中的作用研究进展

癌相关成纤维细胞(CAF)是肿瘤微环境中主要的基质细胞。CAF可在血小板源性生生长因子、成纤维细胞生长因子、白介素6及肝细胞生长因子等多种分泌因子作用下由正常成纤维细胞转化形成,也可由间充质干细胞、脂肪细胞等多种细胞可通过上皮间质转化(EMT)过程形成,还有部分由癌症干细胞转化而来。近来有研究显示,乳腺癌中的CAF可通过分泌多种细胞因子及外泌体、参与EMT及细胞外基质重塑,进而促进乳腺癌细胞侵袭转移,也可在肿瘤缺氧微环境下通过激活相关信号通路促进乳腺癌细胞生长和侵袭。此外,CAF通过增加了乳腺癌细胞的凋亡阈值、作为抗肿瘤药物的物理屏障、分泌的谷氨酰胺增加乳腺癌细胞的存活率、激活生长因子相关的信号通路或增加线粒体功能产生抗凋亡作用等多种途径介导乳腺癌化疗耐药、内分泌治疗耐药及多药耐药。笔者总结CAF的重要来源及其在乳腺癌侵袭转移与治疗耐药中的研究进展。     

丹参注射液对带蒂皮瓣移植修复术后成活率及预后的影响

目的:探讨丹参注射液对带蒂皮瓣移植修复术后成活率及预后的影响。方法:将68例接受带蒂皮瓣移植修复术的患者简单随机分成观察组与对照组各34例。对照组给予术后常规治疗,观察组在此基础上加用丹参注射液治疗,持续给药1周。随访3～12个月,比较两组患者术后皮瓣成活率、皮瓣肿胀程度、凝血指标凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平变化及并发症发生率。结果:观察组患者皮瓣成活率为97.06%,明显高于对照组的76.47%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后7 d皮瓣肿胀程度明显轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后3 d的PT、APTT、FIB水平[(17.84±2.45)s、(35.38±3.14)s、(2.24±0.17)g/L]均明显低于对照组患者[(23.07±2.69)s、(41.56±3.34)s、(2.79±0.32)g/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后伤口感染、瓣下积液、动静脉危象的总并发症率为8.82%,明显低于对照组的29.41%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:丹参注射液能提高带蒂皮瓣移植修复术后成活率,减轻术后皮瓣肿胀程度,改善凝血指标,降低血管危象、皮瓣坏死等并发症风险。     

Effects of sleep-inducing juice on sleep quality and heart rate variability in adults with disturbed sleep

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESAlthough some juices affect subjective sleep quality, there is a lack of information on the effect of a specific juice on objective sleep quality and heart rate variability (HRV) during sleep; thus the present study investigated whether a blended juice made from natural extracts influenced sleep quality and HRV during sleep in adults with disturbed sleep.SUBJECTS/METHODSA randomized, crossover study was conducted on twenty-five adults (15/10, female/male) complaining of difficulty initiating or maintaining nighttime sleep (Pittsburgh sleep quality index [PSQI] ≥ 5). During feeding sessions (FS), subjects received sleep-inducing juice made of natural ingredients (250 mL/trial) twice a day for 8 weeks or non-FS (N-FS) for 8 weeks while maintaining normal activities. Sleep quality and parameters were recorded via wearable actigraph for 7 consecutive days, and PSQI scores were assessed before and after the intervention. HRV was also monitored at rest and during sleep.RESULTSAfter receiving the sleep-inducing juice intervention (FS), PSQI scores were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) and correlated with a significant decline in fatigue severity scale and visual analogue scale levels (P < 0.05; both). HRV indices of vagal activity were significantly improved during FS (P < 0.05), and no significant differences in N-FS were observed. Sleep efficiency and total sleep time increased significantly (P < 0.05) and sleep latency, total counts, sleep fragmentation index, and movement index, decreased significantly (P < 0.05, all 4) during FS, with no significant differences-observed during N-FS.CONCLUSIONSThis study results demonstrated that an 8-week course of sleep-inducing juice has led to improve sleep quality, suggesting an enhanced cardiac vagal tone during sleep. Thus, it could be a well-tolerated option for adults with disturbed sleep.     

肝阴虚证证候特点及辨证用药规律的文献研究

目的:为进一步深入研究和探讨肝阴虚证候的本质,本文分析和整理肝阴虚证的病因病机、证候表征、证候属性疾病及遣方选药的规律。方法:运用检索文献并进行频数统计的方法,检索查阅1960年9月1日至2019年1月10日中国知网中医临床研究文献。结果:肝阴虚证的病因病机为肝失疏泄,气机郁滞,化火伤阴,阴液亏虚,失于濡养;证候辨证要点主要为脉弦细数,舌红少津,头晕目眩,五心烦热,口咽干燥,两目干涩;证候临床属性疾病有肝炎、肝硬化、肝纤维化、肝癌;临床上治疗肝阴虚证使用处方主要为一贯煎、补肝汤、四物汤、芍药甘草汤,临床高频使用中药为生地黄、白芍、枸杞、当归、麦冬。结论:本文对于肝阴虚证的证候特点以及辨证用药规律做出系统的总结与归纳,将有关肝阴虚证的论述联系起来,形成统一的整体,为揭示肝阴虚证的本质与临床上形成较为成熟的肝阴虚证治疗方案提供参考。     

2型糖尿病中个性化综合饮食护理的应用效果

目的观察2型糖尿病患者中个性化综合饮食护理的应用效果。方法选择本院2018年1月—2018年12月接收的80例2型糖尿病患者实施此次研究,根据随机数字表法分为观察组(40例)和对照组(40例)。观察组使用个性化综合饮食护理,对照组使用常规护理措施,比较两组患者临床效果。结果观察组依从性为95.00%,对照组为80.00%(P<0.05)。两组护理前餐后2 h后血糖含量、糖化血红蛋白水平及空腹血糖含量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组护理后餐后2 h后血糖含量、糖化血红蛋白水平及空腹血糖含量均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论将个性化综合饮食护理用于2型糖尿病患者治疗中。     

残疾预防计划对肢残者重返岗位效果的研究

目的:探讨在残疾预防计划对广东地区工伤肢残者出院后结局的影响。方法:选取2018年2~7月在我院进行工伤康复的肢残患者160例,按照入院先后顺序分为观察组和对照组各80例,对照组采取传统医疗康复措施,观察组采取传统医疗康复措施+残疾预防计划措施,观察两组干预前后就业意愿评估,在出院后进行为其三个月的随访,以出院时的就业意愿、出院后三个月内成功复工率、复工后的工作满意度作为职业康复疗效测量指标研究残疾预防计划对肢残者出院结局的影响。结果:两组样本具有可比性,两组样本在干预后的就业意愿发生变化,组间差异不显著(P>0.05);观察组在三个月内成功复工率(89.6%)高于对照组(71.8%),两组差异显著(P<0.05);两组复工人员的工作满意度无显著差异(P>0.05);多元线性回归分析显示,复工人群的工作满意度受工种及公司性质的影响。结论:残疾预防计划有助于提高肢残者出院后的复工率,但对其就业意愿及工作满意度效果不明显;工种、公司性质是肢残者复工后工作满意度的主要影响因素,可以从工种、公司性质两方面设计干预措施以提高肢残者工作满意度。     

A prognostic signature based on immune-related genes for cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) is the fourth commonest female malignancy worldwide. CESC progresses in immune-microenvironment mainly composed of infiltrating immune and stromal cells. Here, we performed an integrated analysis incorporating the expression profiles from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and scores of immune and stromal cells calculated by Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumours using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm. A two-gene signature (CD1C and CD6 genes) was established to predict the prognosis of CESC. Based on this signature, patients were divided into the high- and low-risk groups, and this signature showed good prognostic performance according to the results of Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in train set and two validation sets. A nomogram was built for evaluating the clinical applicability of this signature. In addition, based on Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database, 2 hub genes showed negative correlations with tumor purity and positive correlations with infiltrating levels of immune filtrating cells. What’s more, we propose new treatment strategies for the two prognostic subtypes. Low- risk patients were found presenting with a higher level of immune checkpoint molecules and showing higher immunogenicity in immunophenoscore (IPS) analysis, which indicated a better response for immunotherapy. Meanwhile, estimated by Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database, the high-risk patients showed sensitive responses to five chemotherapy drugs. Finally, 10 candidate small-molecule drugs for CESC were defined. In summary, the CD1C-CD6 signature can accurately predict the prognosis of CESC.